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Table 4 The time varying effect of childbirth on men's wage income

From: From fatherhood premium to motherhood penalty: trends in the fertility effects on men's and women's wage in China (1989–2015)

 

Annual wage

Hourly wage

Discrete trend

Linear trend

Discrete trend

Linear trend

Number of children

 

0.144***

 

0.131**

  

(0.040)

 

(0.041)

Number of children *(survey year -1989)

 

− 0.008***

 

− 0.008***

  

(0.002)

 

(0.002)

Number of children

 1989

0.137**

 

0.125**

 
 

(0.042)

 

(0.043)

 

 1991

0.130**

 

0.104*

 
 

(0.042)

 

(0.043)

 

 1993

0.111**

 

0.109*

 
 

(0.043)

 

(0.044)

 

 1997

0.075 + 

 

0.069

 
 

(0.042)

 

(0.043)

 

 2000

0.035

 

0.029

 
 

(0.043)

 

(0.044)

 

 2004

0.071

 

0.066

 
 

(0.051)

 

(0.052)

 

 2006

0.007

 

− 0.005

 
 

(0.047)

 

(0.049)

 

 2009

− 0.028

 

− 0.046

 
 

(0.050)

 

(0.051)

 

 2011

− 0.111*

 

− 0.129*

 
 

(0.052)

 

(0.053)

 

 2015

0.008

 

− 0.003

 
 

(0.062)

 

(0.063)

 

Control variables

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Intercept

7.337***

7.100***

3.549***

3.289***

 

(0.960)

(0.947)

(0.983)

(0.970)

R-squared

0.396

0.393

0.459

0.457

Number of respondents

2909

2909

2909

2909

Person-years

9106

9106

9106

9106

  1. All control variables are included in models; for space limitation control variables’ coefficients are not reported
  2. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001