Family social and cultural capital: an analysis of effects on adolescents’ educational outcomes in China

The Journal of Chinese Sociology

Table 5 Path coefficients and robust standard errors for the structural model

			B	β	S.E.^a (β)	z (β)
Family social capital	→	Academic effort	− .012	− .006	.023	− 0.24
	→	Educational aspirations	.247	.153**	.022	6.80
	→	Academic achievement	− 1.226	− .061*	.020	− 3.10
Family cultural capital	→	Academic effort	1.052	.175**	.042	4.18
	→	Educational aspirations	1.045	.220**	.040	5.49
	→	Academic achievement	− 4.760	− .081*	.035	− 2.29
Academic effort	→	Academic achievement	.170	.017*	.008	2.08
Educational aspirations	→	Academic achievement	3.789	.306**	.009	35.18
Age	→	Family social capital	− .232	− .236**	.011	− 21.29
Gender	→		.052	.021	.011	1.89
Ethnicity	→		.078	.017	.011	1.50
Cognitive ability	→		.092	.062**	.012	5.33
Family structure	→		.524	.176**	.011	15.99
Number of siblings	→		− .245	− .159**	.012	− 13.05
Financial condition	→ →		.050	.056**	.012	4.60
Hukou			.248	.096**	.013	7.53
Age	→	Family cultural capital	− .037	− .112**	.008	− 13.45
Gender	→		.033	.039**	.008	4.77
Ethnicity	→		.072	.046**	.008	5.54
Cognitive ability	→		.084	.168**	.008	19.90
Family structure	→		.127	.125**	.008	15.21
Number of Siblings	→		− .113	− .214**	.009	− 24.04
Financial condition	→		.081	.271**	.009	30.71
Hukou	→		.386	.437**	.009	49.41

The path coefficients (unstandardised and standardised), robust standard errors (clustered by schools) and critical values (z values) for the structural model are presented
N = 11,313
^*p < .05, ** p < .001
^aRobust standard error (clustered by schools)