The expansion of higher education admissions and the gender equalization of higher education opportunity: an empirical study based on Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS2008) data

The Journal of Chinese Sociology

Table 3 Logit models on the factors affecting higher education opportunity in China

Variable	Baseline model	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Gender	0.222**	0.258***	0.828***	0.833***
Gender	(0.092)	(0.096)	(0.180)	(0.156)
The Expansion	0.683***	0.686***	0.688***	0.685***
The Expansion	(0.097)	(0.097)	(0.098)	(0.098)
Nonrural area	1.055***	1.054***	1.056***	1.545***
Nonrural area	(0.101)	(0.101)	(0.101)	(0.146)
Family economic conditions	0.092***	0.124***	0.088***	0.090***
Family economic conditions	(0.023)	(0.0316)	(0.023)	(0.023)
Parental educational level (junior high school)^a	0.822***	0.816***	1.286***	0.828***
Parental educational level (junior high school)^a	(0.122)	(0.122)	(0.182)	(0.123)
Parental educational level (senior high school)	1.397***	1.394***	1.849***	1.420***
Parental educational level (senior high school)	(0.129)	(0.129)	(0.192)	(0.129)
Parental educational level (college or higher)	1.701***	1.695***	2.207***	1.700***
Parental educational level (college or higher)	(0.170)	(0.170)	(0.252)	(0.170)
Ethnicity	0.308	0.312	0.318	0.307
Ethnicity	(0.200)	(0.200)	(0.200)	(0.201)
Gender × family economic conditions		−0.0651
Gender × family economic conditions		(0.044)
Gender × junior high school			−0.852***
Gender × junior high school			(0.243)
Gender × senior high school			−0.806***
Gender × senior high school			(0.248)
Gender × college or higher			−0.904***
Gender × college or higher			(0.334)
Gender × nonrural area				−0.952***
Gender × nonrural area				(.194)
Intercept	−3.256***	−3.278***	−3.616***	−3.578***
Intercept	(0.216)	(0.217)	(0.241)	(0.231)
Number of respondents	3,492	3,492	3,492	3,492
Pseudo R²	0.186	0.187	0.191	0.193

^aThe reference group is ‘primary school or lower.’ Numbers in parentheses are standard errors. **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01.