From: The informal power configuration of local government and economic development policy in China
 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
 | Annual growth rate of per capita industrial output value from 1978–1998 (%) | Annual growth rate of per capita industrial output value from 1952–1998 (%) | Ln (per Capita non-state- owned industrial output value in 1998) (yuan) | Ln (per Capita non-state-owned and non-foreign-invested industrial output value in 1998) (yuan) |
Independent variables | 2.376** | 1.445*** | 0.573*** | 0.575*** |
 Strength of guerrillas (1 = strong, 0 = weak) | (2.08) | (3.46) | (3.25) | (3.20) |
 Liberated by guerrillas | 0.229 | −0.302 | −0.127 | −0.100 |
 (1 = yes, 0 = no) | (0.18) | (−0.52) | (−0.52) | (−0.40) |
 Liberated by field armies | −0.365 | −0.091 | −0.049 | −0.033 |
 (1 = yes, 0 = no) | (−0.33) | (−0.18) | (−0.23) | (−0.15) |
Control variables | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Initial economic conditions |  |  |  |  |
  Ln (per capita industrial output value in 1978) | −2.379** |  |  |  |
 | (−2.33) |  |  |  |
  Ln (per capita industrial output value in 1952) |  | −2.738*** | −0.134 | −0.134 |
 |  | (−5.28) | (−0.61) | (−0.62) |
  Ln (population in 1952) | 2.789** | 1.121* | 0.510** | 0.507** |
 | (2.08) | (1.95) | (2.10) | (2.05) |
  Ln (number of chinshihs) | 0.072 | 0.103 | 0.053 | 0.055 |
 | (0.10) | (0.31) | (0.37) | (0.38) |
  Ln (per capita arable land in 1952) | 1.803 | 1.622** | 0.625** | 0.649** |
 | (1.18) | (2.30) | (2.07) | (2.12) |
 Geographic Factors |  |  |  |  |
  Ln (length of coastline) | 0.220 | 0.105 | 0.048 | 0.047 |
 | (0.81) | (0.85) | (0.92) | (0.88) |
 Ln (average altitude) | −0.412 | −0.542 | −0.212 | −0.215 |
 | (−0.30) | (−0.93) | (−0.86) | (−0.86) |
  Share of flat ground in total county area (%) | 0.019 | −0.005 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
 | (0.26) | (−0.15) | (−0.06) | (−0.06) |
  Ln (distance to Shanghai) | −1.462 | −1.195 | −0.469 | −0.390 |
 | (−0.59) | (−1.12) | (−1.01) | (−0.83) |
 F statistics | 8.70 | 8.28 | 14.41 | 12.41 |
  R 2 | 0.48 | 0.59 | 0.60 | 0.58 |
 OBS | 58 | 58 | 58 | 58 |