From: Family involvement, firm size, and performance of private-owned enterprises
Variables | Family ownership | Family management | Family intentions | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1(A) | Model 1(B) | Model 2(A) | Model 2(B) | Model 3 | |
Entrepreneurs’ education (primary education) | |||||
Secondary education | −0.026 | −0.024 | −0.096*** | −0.091*** | −0.045 |
(0.022) | (0.022) | (0.025) | (0.024) | (0.079) | |
Higher education | −0.093*** | −0.077*** | −0.240*** | −0.205*** | −0.331*** |
(0.021) | (0.021) | (0.024) | (0.022) | (0.074) | |
Politics relationship (1 = yes) | 0.003 | 0.006 | −0.026**** | −0.019 | −0.063 |
(0.013) | (0.013) | (0.015) | (0.014) | (0.047) | |
Diversification strategy (1 = yes) | 0.032* | 0.032* | 0.030**** | 0.030**** | −0.005 |
(0.015) | (0.015) | (0.017) | (0.016) | (0.052) | |
Manufacturing (1 = yes) | −0.013 | −0.01 | 0.005 | 0.012 | −0.072 |
(0.013) | (0.013) | (0.014) | (0.014) | (0.045) | |
Firm location (western) | |||||
Eastern | −0.005 | −0.003 | −0.012 | −0.008 | −0.037 |
(0.016) | (0.016) | (0.018) | (0.017) | (0.058) | |
Central | −0.007 | −0.001 | −0.004 | 0.009 | −0.131* |
(0.019) | (0.018) | (0.021) | (0.020) | (0.065) | |
Firm age | 0.004** | 0.004** | 0.001 | 0.002 | −0.005 |
(0.001) | (0.001) | (0.002) | (0.001) | (0.005) | |
Firm size | −0.009*** | −0.008*** | −0.008*** | −0.006*** | −0.024*** |
(0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.006) | |
Family intentions | 0.047*** | 0.105*** | |||
(0.006) | (0.007) | ||||
Constant | 0.854*** | 0.834*** | 0.446*** | 0.403*** | 0.413*** |
(0.026) | (0.026) | (0.029) | (0.028) | (0.092) | |
R2 | 0.038 | 0.064 | 0.091 | 0.190 | 0.042 |