Table 2 Multilevel model estimates of the relationship between socioeconomic status and health
From: A study of the influential factors for health inequality
| Physical functional status | Depressive symptoms | Self-rated health | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed effects | |||
| Intercept | 20.306*** (.200) | 15.582*** (.209) | −1.089*** (.069) |
| Female (male) | 1.362*** (.148) | 1.933*** (.138) | .437*** (.059) |
| Separated (married) | −.292 (.257) | .647*** (.239) | −.039 (.102) |
| Widowed (married) | .317* (.188) | 1.203*** (.175) | −.158** (.072) |
| Quit (never smoking) | 1.216*** (.219) | .524*** (.203) | .525*** (.083) |
| Always smoking (never smoking) | −.452*** (.157) | .069 (.146) | −.045 (.063) |
| Age (centered by 60) | .218*** (.008) | .044*** (.007) | .026*** (.003) |
| Medium SES (low SES) | −1.032*** (.161) | −1.025*** (.156) | −.384*** (.060) |
| High SES (low SES) | −1.512*** (.254) | −2.469*** (.248) | −.649*** (.112) |
| County income level (centered by mean) | −.168*** (.055) | −.353*** (.058) | −.095*** (.017) |
| Age × medium SES | −.058*** (.014) | .005 (.013) | .009 (.006) |
| Age × high SES | −.075*** (.018) | −.022 (.017) | −.0003 (.008) |
| County income level × medium SES | .084 (.057) | .138** (.056) | .059*** (.020) |
| County income level × high SES | .135** (.066) | .283*** (.065) | .067*** (.025) |
| Random effects | |||
| Level 2 (county level) | |||
| Variance (intercept) | 2.192 | 3.112 | .131 |
| Covariance (intercept, medium SES) | −1.288 | −1.248 | −.002 |
| Variance (medium SES) | .757 | .855 | .034 |
| Covariance (intercept, high SES) | −1.552 | −1.913 | −.078 |
| Covariance (medium SES, high SES) | .912 | 1.094 | .045 |
| Variance (high SES) | 1.098 | 1.478 | .103 |
| Level 1 (individual) | |||
| Variance | 34.016 | 29.183 | 1.000 |