Table 1 Descriptive statistics of student sample (N = 17,284)
| Â | Mean or % | SD |
|---|---|---|
Motivation to learn Math | 3.197 | 0.845 |
Motivation to learn Chinese | 3.393 | 0.749 |
Motivation to learn English | 3.235 | 0.884 |
Student interaction with Math teacher | 5.043 | 1.640 |
Student interaction with Chinese teacher | 5.182 | 1.595 |
Student interaction with English teacher | 5.211 | 1.655 |
Female | 49.4 | – |
Migrant status | 17.7 | – |
Ethnic minority | 8.0 | – |
Rural hukou | 54.7 | – |
Only child | 44.2 | – |
Coresidence with both parents | 77.3 | – |
Student effort | 5.585 | 4.075 |
Frequency of parent-teacher interaction | 4.506 | 1.758 |