From: “Purchasing hope”: the consumption of children’s education in urban China
Categorical variables | Value | Percentage | Variables | Value | Percentage |
Supplemental lessons | Attend | 61.65 | Parents’ occupation | White collar | 26.88 |
Did not attend | 38.35 | Non-white collar | 73.12 | ||
Curricular tutoring class | Attend | 46.79 | Family economic status | Wealthy | 7.81 |
Did not attend | 53.21 | Medium | 81.37 | ||
Art/sports interest class | Attend | 37.97 | Poor | 10.81 | |
Did not attend | 62.03 | Grade | Grade 9 | 46.00 | |
The structure of residence | Living with both parents | 74.48 | Grade 7 | 54.00 | |
Living with one parent/no parent | 25.52 | Boarding in school | Yes | 11.03 | |
Quantitative structure of children | Single-child family | 59.99 | No | 88.98 | |
The multiple-child family | 40.01 | Community type of school | Central city | 62.63 | |
Sex structure of children | Male | 50.47 | Non-central city | 37.37 | |
Female | 49.53 | Geographic location of school | East | 61.45 | |
Parents’ education level | College educated | 30.59 | Central | 10.84 | |
Non-college educated | 69.41 | West | 27.71 | ||
Continuous variables | Mean | Standard deviation | Continuous variables | Mean | Standard deviation |
Expense of supplemental education (yuan) | 1883.039 | 4809.482 | Factor of “parent-child affectionate interaction” | −9.55e−09 | 1 |
Parent-child accompany time (hour) | 3.224 | 3.094 | Parental education expectation | 17.180 | 2.944 |