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Table 4 Logit regression model of supplemental lessons

From: “Purchasing hope”: the consumption of children’s education in urban China

Variables

Model 5 (all samples)

Model 6 (father samples)

Model 7 (mother samples)

Model 8 (curricular tutoring class)

Model 9 (art/sports interest class)

College-degree parents (yes = 1)

.63*** (.07)

.51*** (.11)

.70*** (.09)

.45*** (.06)

.52*** (.06)

Parents’ occupation (white collar = 1)

.15* (.07)

.16 (.10)

.21* (.10)

.00 (.06)

.24*** (.06)

Family economic status (poor = 0)

 Medium

.31*** (.07)

.33*** (.10)

.23* (.11)

.31*** (.08)

.20* (.08)

 Wealthy

.72*** (.11)

.66*** (.16)

.70*** (.16)

.56*** (.11)

.63*** (.11)

Parents’ education expectations

.05*** (.01)

.06*** (.01)

.04** (.01)

.06*** (.01)

.03** (.01)

Grade (grade 9 = 1)

− .11* (.05)

− .10 (.07)

− .09 (.06)

.10* (.05)

− .14** (.05)

Boarding in school (yes = 1)

− .50*** (.08)

− .45*** (.11)

− .54*** (.11)

− .58*** (.08)

− .18* (.08)

School community (central urban area = 1)

.56*** (.05)

.65*** (.08)

.45*** (.07)

.51*** (.05)

.35*** (.05)

Geographic location of school (west = 0)

 East

− .22*** (.06)

− .25** (.08)

− .22** (.08)

− .35*** (.05)

− .14** (.05)

 Central

− 1.09*** (.09)

− 1.09*** (.13)

− 1.11*** (.12)

− 1.65*** (.10)

− .42*** (.09)

Quantitative offspring structure (single-child family = 1)

.35*** (.05)

.32*** (.07)

.34*** (.07)

.38*** (.05)

.14** (.05)

Sex structure of offspring (boy = 1)

− .32*** (.05)

− .28*** (.07)

− .30*** (.06)

− .19*** (.05)

− .41*** (.05)

Residence structure of family (living with both parents = 1)

.12* (.05)

.18* (.09)

.14* (.07)

.13* (.05)

.04 (.05)

Parental companionship time

.02** (.01)

.01 (.01)

.03* (.01)

.02** (.01)

.01 (.01)

Affection interaction

.16*** (.02)

.18*** (.04)

.12*** (.03)

.12*** (.02)

.13*** (.02)

Constant

− 1.03*** (.17)

− 1.41*** (.26)

− .62* (.24)

− 1.85*** (.18)

− 1.36*** (.17)

Pseudo R2

.1243

.1254

.1143

.1160

.0666

N

9272

4043

5229

9272

9272

  1. Standard errors are in brackets. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001