Table 1 Distribution of precarious work in mainland China and Hong Kong (%)

 < 30

17.85

18.02

19.83

20.19

 30+

24.67

25.23

14.58

14.56

 40+

35.17

35.14

25.08

25.05

 50+

17.32

16.52

29.83

29.90

 > = 60

4.99

5.11

10.68

10.29

 Primary school or lower

17.06

17.72

30.85

29.71

 Middle school

35.70

35.74

31.36

32.23

 High school

27.03

26.13

29.66

30.10

 Associate degree

8.66

8.71

3.73

3.69

 College degree or higher

11.55

11.71

4.41

4.27

Occupation

 Manager/director

7.09

7.21

1.19

0.78

 Professional/technician

27.82

28.53

5.61

5.24

 Administrative staff

10.50

10.81

5.77

6.41

 Sales and service staff

18.64

19.52

33.45

34.95

 Production staff

16.80

17.41

19.86

19.80

 Non-skilled labor and other

19.16

16.52

34.13

32.81

 Private sector

69.83

70.87

95.75

95.53

 Public sector

30.17

29.13

4.25

4.47

 Construction

19.05

18.62

22.87

22.52

 Transport, post and telecommunication services, and storage

19.58

20.72

–

–

 Wholesale, retail trade and catering services

10.32

11.11

32.08

31.45

 Health care, sports and social welfare

13.23

12.01

–

–

 Other

Omitted

Omitted

Omitted

Omitted

 Local residents

54.07

53.75

51.86

50.68

 Migrants

45.93

46.25

48.14

49.32

 Female

41.99

41.74

47.46

50.10

 Male

58.01

58.26

52.54

49.90