Table 2 Descriptive statistics for each variable
From: “Mixed” subjective class identity: a new interpretation of Chinese class identity
Variables | Categories/statistics | 2010 | 2013 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Dependent variable | ||||
Subjective class identity (point) | Mean | 4.0 | 4.3 | 4.2 |
S. D. | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | |
Class identity bias (point) | Mean | −1.4 | −1.3 | −1.3 |
S. D. | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | |
Absolute value of class identity bias (point) | Mean | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 |
S. D. | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.9 | |
Independent variable | ||||
Individual’s social economic status (SES) | ||||
Years of schooling (year) | Mean | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.7 |
S. D. | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.6 | |
Income (yuan) | Mean | 18,039.0 | 22,621.6 | 20,321.0 |
S. D. | 80,211.4 | 36,337.9 | 62,390.7 | |
Party membership (%) | No | 87.4 | 89.9 | 88.6 |
Yes | 12.6 | 10.1 | 11.4 | |
Individual’s SES score (point) | Mean | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
S. D. | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
Parents’ SES | ||||
Family social class score at respondent’s age 14 (point) | Mean | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.0 |
S. D. | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | |
Parents’ highest year of schooling at respondent’s age 14 (year) | Mean | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
S. D. | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | |
Parents’ highest occupation ISEI at respondent’s age 14 (point) | Mean | 32.1 | 31.3 | 31.7 |
S. D. | 14.9 | 14.6 | 14.7 | |
Parents’ SES score (point) | Mean | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
S. D. | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
Spouse’s SES | ||||
Years of schooling (year) | Mean | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 |
S. D. | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.3 | |
Income (yuan) | Mean | 16,621.6 | 22,089.8 | 19,400.9 |
S. D. | 34,391.5 | 31,063.6 | 32,855.2 | |
Party membership (%) | No | 89.8 | 91.9 | 90.8 |
Yes | 10.2 | 8.1 | 9.2 | |
Spouse’s SES score (point) | Mean | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
S. D. | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
Control variable | ||||
Gender (%) | Female | 51.4 | 49.5 | 50.4 |
Male | 48.6 | 50.6 | 49.6 | |
Age (year) | Mean | 47.4 | 48.8 | 48.1 |
S. D. | 15.2 | 16.2 | 15.7 | |
Marital status (%) | Unmarried | 8.3 | 10.0 | 9.1 |
Married | 81.8 | 79.6 | 80.7 | |
Divorced or Widowed | 9.9 | 10.4 | 10.2 | |
Place of residence (%) | Rural | 40.4 | 40.4 | 40.4 |
Urban | 59.6 | 59.6 | 59.6 | |
Whether co-reside with parents (%) | No | 87.4 | 86.1 | 86.8 |
Yes | 12.6 | 13.9 | 13.2 | |
Class status compared with peers (%) | Higher | 4.5 | 4.5 | |
Similar | 61.3 | 61.3 | ||
Lower | 34.1 | 34.1 | ||
Perceptions of social mobility (%) | Downward | 14.7 | 11.7 | 13.2 |
Immobile | 32.8 | 29.8 | 31.3 | |
Upward | 52.5 | 58.5 | 55.5 | |
House ownership (%) | No house | 7.3 | 6.0 | 6.7 |
Have one house | 78.4 | 80.7 | 79.5 | |
Have multiple houses | 14.3 | 13.4 | 13.8 | |
Car ownership (%) | No | 89.5 | 83.8 | 86.6 |
Yes | 10.5 | 16.3 | 13.4 | |
Sample size (person) | 10,004 | 9923 | 19,927 |