Gender role attitudes and male-female income differences in China

The Journal of Chinese Sociology

Table 2 Impact of gender role attitudes on labor income

Variables	Full sample			Female subsample
Variables	M1	M2	M3	M4-OLS	M5-Heckman	M6-IV
Female	− .394***	− .399***	− .170**
Gender role attitudes		− .028*	.007	− .075***	− .076***	− .162**
Female × gender role attitudes			− .083***
Senior high school	.174***	.170***	.168***	.212***	.217***	.192***
College or higher	.392***	.389***	.385***	.437***	.451***	.418***
Good health	.307***	.309***	.304***	.367***	.375***	.363***
Age	.075***	.076***	.077***	.073***	.078***	.075***
Age square/10	− .010***	− .010***	− .011***	− .010***	− .010***	− .010***
Working hours per week	.003***	.003***	.003***	.004***	.004***	.004***
ISEI	.009***	.009***	.009***	.010***	.010***	.009***
Married	.175***	.177***	.175***	.028	.017	.032
Divorced/widowed	.145**	.142**	.141**	.100	.098	.093
CPC member	.062*	.060*	.061*	.027	.031	.018
Rural household registration	− .004	− .001	.001	− .027	− .027	− .011
Heckman λ					.056
Hausman test						1.88
N	4218	4218	4218	1666	2464	1666

The omitted reference category for education level is junior high school or lower and that for marital status is unmarried. Dummy variables of the provincial level are controlled in all models. Standard errors are clustered by township (subdistrict)
***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, and *p < 0.1 (two-tailed test)