Table 3 Descriptive statistics of the SHFS 2010

Variable

Mean (S.D.)

Mean (S.D.)

Dependent variables

 Parent-child relationship

6.53 (.902)

 Skill building

  Autonomy

.025 (1.00)

  Emotional expression

−.069 (1.05)

  Overall performance

−.012 (1.00)

Independent variables

 Mobility experience

  Working class immobile

.378

.374

  Downwardly mobile

.133

.133

  Upwardly mobile

.267

.267

  Middle class immobile

.220

.225

Control variables

 Male

.419

.417

 Age

49.91 (10.04)

49.78 (10.09)

 Had one child

.880

.881

 Had Shanghai hukou

.856

.856

 Education level

  Junior high or lower

.372

.358

  Senior high

.391

.398

  College and above

.236

.243

 Sample size

803

756